The Speech from the Throne opens every new session of Parliament. The Speech is a statement of the government’s general intentions during the coming months.
On May 27, 2025, His Majesty King
Charles III attended the State Opening of Canada’s Parliament and delivered the
‘Speech from the Throne’ to formally open the first session of the 45th
Parliament.
The King said… Honourable
Senators, Members of the House of Commons. It is with a sense of deep pride and
pleasure that my wife and I join you here today, as we witness Canadians coming
together in a renewed sense of national pride, unity, and hope.
I would like to acknowledge that
we are gathered on the unceded territory of the Algonquin Anishinaabeg people.
This land acknowledgement is a recognition of shared history as a nation. While
continuing to deepen my own understanding, it is my great hope that in each of
your communities, and collectively as a country, a path is found toward truth
and reconciliation, in both word and deed.
This is my 20th visit to Canada,
spread over the course of more than half a century, and my first as Sovereign.
As I have said before, “Every time I come to Canada… a little more of Canada
seeps into my bloodstream – and from there straight to my heart.” I have always
had the greatest admiration for Canada’s unique identity, which is recognized
across the world for bravery and sacrifice in defence of national values, and
for the diversity and kindness of Canadians.
To the First Nations, Inuit, and
Métis Peoples – you have welcomed my family and myself to your traditional
lands with great warmth and hospitality, for which I am humbly grateful.
This year, we mark the 80th
anniversary of V-E Day and V-J Day. On Juno Beach, at Dieppe, on the Somme, at
Beaumont-Hamel, at Ypres, and on Vimy Ridge… At those places, and many others,
forever etched into our memories, Canadians fought and died alongside our
closest allies.
Today, I see representatives from
every part of Canada – from St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, to Victoria,
British Columbia, and Arviat, Nunavut. I see the guardians of the fundamental
rights and freedoms guaranteed in the Canadian Charter and, as King, I thank
you for your service to your fellow Canadians, across the length and breadth of
this vast and great nation.
You speak for your communities,
representing an incredible richness of cultures, languages, and perspectives.
We owe it to this generation, and those who succeed us, to think and act for
the greater good of all. While the world faces unprecedented challenges,
generating uncertainties across the continents with regards to peace and
stability, economics, and climate change, your communities have the skills and
determination to bring a wealth of solutions.
By fostering collaboration and
engaging in respectful, constructive debates, you will ensure this Government
is capable of bold and fair action to support Canadians.
It has been nearly 70 years since
the Sovereign first opened Parliament. In the time since, Canada has
dramatically changed: repatriating its Constitution, achieving full
independence, and witnessing immense growth. Canada has embraced its British,
French, and Indigenous roots, and become a bold, ambitious, innovative country
that is bilingual, truly multicultural, and committed to reconciliation.
The Crown has for so long been a
symbol of unity for Canada. It also represents stability and continuity from
the past to the present. As it should, it stands proudly as a symbol of Canada
today, in all her richness and dynamism.
When my dear late mother, Queen
Elizabeth II, opened a new Canadian Parliament in 1957, the Second World War
remained a fresh, painful memory. The Cold War was intensifying. Freedom and
democracy were under threat. Canada was emerging as a growing economic power
and a force for peace in the world. In the decades since, history has been
punctuated by epoch-making events: the Vietnam War, the fall of the Berlin
Wall, and the start of the War on Terror. Today, Canada faces another critical
moment. Democracy, pluralism, the rule of law, self-determination, and freedom
are values which Canadians hold dear, and ones which the Government is
determined to protect.
The system of open global trade
that, while not perfect, has helped to deliver prosperity for Canadians for
decades, is changing. Canada’s relationships with partners are also changing.
We must be clear-eyed: the world
is a more dangerous and uncertain place than at any point since the Second
World War. Canada is facing challenges that are unprecedented in our lifetimes.
Many Canadians are feeling
anxious and worried about the drastically changing world around them.
Fundamental change is always unsettling. Yet this moment is also an incredible
opportunity. An opportunity for renewal. An opportunity to think big and to act
bigger. An opportunity for Canada to embark on the largest transformation of
its economy since the Second World War. A confident Canada, which has welcomed
new Canadians, including from some of the most tragic global conflict zones,
can seize this opportunity by recognising that all Canadians can give
themselves far more than any foreign power on any continent can ever take away.
And that by staying true to Canadian values, Canada can build new alliances and
a new economy that serves all Canadians.
The Prime Minister and the
President of the United States, for example, have begun defining a new economic
and security relationship between Canada and the U.S., rooted in mutual respect
and founded on common interests, to deliver transformational benefits for both
sovereign nations.
In parallel, the Government is
working to strengthen its relationships with reliable trading partners and
allies around the world, recognizing that Canada has what the world needs and
the values the world respects.
Canada is ready to build a
coalition of like-minded countries that share its values, that believe in
international co-operation and the free and open exchange of goods, services,
and ideas. In this new, fast-evolving world, Canada is ready to lead. This will
be demonstrated in June, when Canada convenes the G7 Summit.
The Government is guided by its
conviction that the economy is only truly strong when it serves everyone. Many
Canadians are struggling to get ahead. The Government is responding, reducing
middle-class taxes and saving two-income families up to $840 a year. It will
cut the GST on homes at or under $1 million for first-time homebuyers,
delivering savings of up to $50,000. And it will lower the GST on homes between
$1 million and $1.5 million.
The Government will protect the
programs that are already saving families thousands of dollars every year.
These include child care and pharmacare. In addition to these, the Government
has recently expanded the Canadian Dental Care Plan to cover about eight
million Canadians, saving the average person more than $800 per year.
The Government’s overarching goal
– its core mission – is to build the strongest economy in the G7. That starts
with creating one Canadian economy out of thirteen. Internal barriers to trade
and labour mobility cost Canada as much as $200 billion each year. The
Government will introduce legislation to remove all remaining federal barriers
to internal trade and labour mobility by Canada Day.
Numerous premiers have already
taken vital steps to break down provincial and territorial barriers to trade.
Together, we will build on that progress to deliver free trade across the
nation by Canada Day. This is critical to unlocking Canada’s full economic
potential, but it’s not enough.
To build Canada strong, the
Government is working closely with provinces, territories, and Indigenous
Peoples to identify and catalyse projects of national significance. Projects
that will connect Canada, that will deepen Canada’s ties with the world, and
that will create high-paying jobs for generations.
Given the pace of change and the
scale of opportunities, speed is of the essence. Through the creation of a new
Major Federal Project Office, the time needed to approve a project will be
reduced from five years to two; all while upholding Canada’s world-leading
environmental standards and its constitutional obligations to Indigenous
Peoples.
The Government will also strike
co-operation agreements with every interested province and territory within six
months to realize its goal of “one project, one review.” When Canadians come
together, Canada builds things that last.
By removing these barriers that
have held back our economy, we will unleash a new era of growth that will
ensure we don’t just survive ongoing trade wars, but emerge from them stronger
than ever. It will enable Canada to become the world’s leading energy
superpower in both clean and conventional energy. To build an industrial
strategy that will make Canada more globally competitive, while fighting
climate change. To build hundreds of thousands of good careers in the skilled
trades. And to build Canada into the world’s leading hub for science and
innovation.
Critically, the Government will
undertake a series of measures to help double the rate of home building while
creating an entirely new housing industry – using Canadian technology, Canadian
skilled workers, and Canadian lumber. The Government will introduce measures to
deliver affordable homes by creating Build Canada Homes. This mission-driven
organization will act to accelerate the development of new affordable housing.
It will invest in the growth of the prefabricated and modular housing industry.
And it will provide significant financing to affordable home builders. The
Government will make the housing market work better, including by cutting
municipal development charges in half for all multi-unit housing. The
Government will drive supply up to bring housing costs down.
To be truly strong, Canada must
be secure. To that end, the Government will introduce legislation to enhance
security at Canada’s borders. Law enforcement and intelligence agencies will
have new tools to stop the flow of fentanyl and its precursors. The Canada
Border Services Agency will be given new powers to examine goods destined for
export, to prevent the transport of illegal and stolen products, including
cars.
The Government will protect
Canada’s sovereignty by rebuilding, rearming, and reinvesting in the Canadian
Armed Forces. It will boost Canada’s defence industry by joining ReArm Europe,
to invest in transatlantic security with Canada’s European partners. And it
will invest to strengthen its presence in the North, which is an integral part
of Canada, as this region faces new threats.
The Government will discharge its
duty to protect Canadians and their sovereign rights, from wherever challenges
may come at home or abroad. To keep communities safe, the Government will hire
1,000 more RCMP personnel. It will change firearms licensing and strengthen
enforcement of yellow and red flag laws. Weapons licences for those convicted
of intimate partner violence and those subject to protection orders will be
revoked. Through the deployment of scanners, drones and helicopters, additional
personnel, and K-9 teams, the Government will stem the tide of illegal guns and
drugs across the border.
It will take these steps while
protecting the rights of law-abiding gun owners and Indigenous Peoples’
longstanding hunting traditions.
The Government will bring a
renewed focus on car theft and home invasions by toughening the Criminal Code
to make bail harder to get for repeat offenders charged with committing these
crimes, along with human trafficking and drug smuggling.
During this time of great change,
Canadians are uniting behind what makes Canada unique. The French language and
the Quebec culture are at the heart of the Canadian identity. They define the
country that Canadians and I love so much. Canada is a country that respects
and celebrates its official languages and Indigenous languages. The Government
is determined to protect the institutions that bring these cultures and this
identity to the world, like CBC/Radio-Canada. It will protect the people who
give us access to fresh, healthy, and quality food: agricultural producers. And
it will protect supply management.
Nature is core to Canada’s
identity. In 2022, Canada convened COP15 in Montréal, which concluded with 196
countries striking a historic agreement to protect 30 percent of their lands
and 30 percent of waters by 2030. To this end, the Government will protect more
of Canada’s nature than ever before through the creation of new national parks,
national urban parks, marine protected areas, and other conservation
initiatives.
The Government will always
protect the rights and freedoms that the Charter guarantees for every Canadian.
The Government will be a reliable partner to Indigenous Peoples, upholding its
fundamental commitment to advancing reconciliation. Central to this commitment
is the creation of long-term wealth and prosperity with Indigenous Peoples. For
that reason, the Government will double the Indigenous Loan Guarantee Program
from $5 billion to $10 billion – enabling more Indigenous communities to become
owners of major projects. As Canada moves forward with nation-building
projects, the Government will always be firmly guided by the principle of free,
prior, and informed consent.
Canada’s immigration system has
long been a source of pride for Canadians and of dynamism for the economy. The
Government is dedicated to rebuilding the trust of Canadians in immigration by
restoring balance to the system.
The Government will cap the total
number of temporary foreign workers and international students to less than
five percent of Canada’s population by 2027. By doing this, the Government will
attract the best talent in the world to build our economy, while sending a
clear message to Canadians working abroad that there is no better time to come
home.
In all of its actions, the
Government will be guided by a new fiscal discipline: spend less so Canadians
can invest more. Day-to-day government spending – the government’s operating
budget – has been growing by nine percent every year. The Government will
introduce measures to bring it below two percent.
Transfers to provinces,
territories, or individuals will be maintained. The Government will balance its
operating budget over the next three years by cutting waste, capping the public
service, ending duplication, and deploying technology to improve public sector
productivity.
In parallel, the Government will
take a series of measures to catalyse new investment to create better jobs and
higher incomes for Canadians. The scale of the Government’s initiative will
match the challenges of our times and the ambitions of Canadians.
Honourable Senators, Members of
the House of Commons, when my dear late mother addressed your predecessors
seven decades ago, she said that in that age, and against the backdrop of
international affairs, no nation could live unto itself. It is a source of
great pride that, in the following decades, Canada has continued to set an
example to the world in her conduct and values, as a force for good.
I wish to express to you and to
the people of Canada my heartfelt gratitude, and that of my wife, for the
warmth of the welcome which we have received. As the anthem reminds us: The
True North is indeed strong and free!
Members of the House of Commons,
you will be asked to appropriate the funds to carry out the services and
expenditures authorized by Parliament. May you honour the profound trust
bestowed upon you by Canadians, and may God bless and guide you in all your
duties.
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With the Throne Speech delivered
and the Main Estimates numbers now on the table, the situation is dire. The
proposed $486.9 billion spending for the 2025-26 financial year, to be voted on
by Parliament, raises immediate concerns.
The total ask, a staggering 8.4
percent increase over last year, includes $73.4 billion in warrants issued
during the prorogation of Parliament. This is a significant escalation that
should raise alarm bells.
The 2025–26 Main Estimates
present planned budgetary spending for 130 organizations. This includes
transfer payments to other levels of government, as well as to different
organizations and individuals. The likelihood of ever getting to a balanced
budget in the foreseeable future is a myth.
The Carney government is
legislating a $5 billion middle-class tax cut while planning to
increase spending on the military and housing, and at the same time, promising
to balance the operating budget within three years. It won't happen.
The Main Estimates, the first
statement since the election, show no signs of the necessary restraint. This
lack of fiscal responsibility is disappointing and does not bode well for the
future.
The Prime Minister, for political posturing, criticized Trudeau as a spendthrift, saying that the government had spent too much and invested too little. Carney claimed his government would limit operating expense increases to two percent a year, down from nine percent a year, while preserving transfers to provinces and individuals.
Nevertheless, the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation's 2025–26 budget will be supported by an astounding $1,425,237,411 federal subsidy. CBC is watched by only 3% of Canadians, yet it is funded by 100% of the population.
Egregious spending continues on consultants. It was a debated sore point in the
election. Regardless of the public criticism, professional and special services will hit $26 billion.
The character of the Liberal
government is revealed in the Pacific Economic Development Canada (PacifiCan),
which is the dedicated federal economic development agency for British
Columbians.
It allocates money to
entrepreneurial activities in BC, but it costs 21.86% of its budget just to give
away its annual allotment. It cost taxpayers 140,291,293, of which 30,674,070
was used to administer the giveaways. Yet, unlike a registered charity, it has
no cost to fundraise.
However, the Main Estimates are
not the whole picture. There will be 'supplementary estimates' during the year
that will increase spending further. These additional estimates, which are used to cover unforeseen expenses or new initiatives, could significantly
inflate the total budget.
Approximately 60 departments will
experience budget increases exceeding the inflation rate. Only about a dozen
have a budget reduction. Carney has stated that he will implement a system of
budgets that separates investments in capital projects from operational
expenditures. However, the books have always made those distinctions if one did
an inspection.
Moreover, what is relentless is
the interest cost from past and present borrowing. The government does not
generate nearly enough revenue to cover its spending, so it must borrow more
each year. Rising interest payments are scheduled to hit almost $50 billion,
more than the $35.6 billion for national defense. Interest payments become a
significant pre-spent cost that crowds out other priorities.
The only way to implement tax
cuts that stimulate growth, support new spending plans, and soon balance the
budget, is by making austere cuts everywhere else.
The Carney plan is Liberal
largesse, steady as she goes, with lots of smiles and false promises, as always,
from another disingenuous Liberal who promised a different approach. Since
there has been no change in attitude from the previous administration, Canadians
cannot have hope that the fortunes of our nation will improve.